The pulmonary wedge pressure (PWP) or wedge pressure is an indirect estimate of the pressure in the left atrium of the heart. A Swan-Ganz catheterization, also known as pulmonary artery catheterization (PAC), during which a catheter is placed directly into the pulmonary artery to measure...
Oxygen-deficient blood is transformed into oxygen-rich blood during the gas exchange process performed by the lungs. This process happens in the alveoli, and in the capillaries (small blood vessels) that surround them. When the blood reaches the lungs, the carbon dioxide is absorbed by the...
An acid is considered strong when it very easily releases H+ ions in an aqueous solution. An acid is considered weak, on the other hand, when it only partially releases H+ ions in an aqueous solution. An example of a strong acid is gastric acid...
Oxygen-depleted blood filled with carbon dioxide exits the organs and ends up in the superior or inferior vena cava. This blood is transported to the right atrium of the heart, pushed to the right ventricle, and ends up in the lungs via the pulmonary artery....
The reflex arc is the name for the pathway that carries out an impulse from the location of the perceived stimulus to action (often performed by a muscle). In this example, the heat from a candle is the perceived stimulus. This stimulus activates the receptor,...